* The pillars of faith are six: belief in Allah, His Angels, His inspired Books, His Messengers and Prophets, the Last Day, and in destiny whether good or evil.
Belief
in Allah
* Belief in Allah is the belief in His Existence, His Oneness
and Uniqueness, His Sole Godhood (Rububiyyah) and Divinity. *
The Existence of Allah is a self-evident truth, since nothing exists without
having someone putting it to existence and order. * The Oneness of Allah is a rational truth, proved by the unity of the universe and its laws. The existence of various gods indicates non-unity in the system of the universe. Belief in the Oneness of Allah stipulates belief in the Oneness of His Soul, Attributes, and Deeds. * The Sole Godhood of Allah is that His total sovereignty over the universe with all its creatures, provisions, and systems postulates the unity of Godhood and negates it from anyone other than Allah. * The Divinity of Allah means the bondage of all creatures to Allah, the One. It is an involuntary bondage of all living creatures and things, while it is deliberately chosen by believers, as shown in their obedience to Allah in faith, behavior, and actions. * The Monotheism of Allah requires submission to Him Alone in all the laws He sent down. This does not confine human freedom to codify and legislate issues not tackled by a Divine text or any guidance of Allah and His Messenger. Human legislation should not contradict the general goals of Islamic laws, Qur’anic text, authentic tradition in Sunnah, or any ruling based on any of these. * The Attributes of Allah as displayed in the Qur’an and Sunnah should be understood according to the rules of the Arabic language, without additions or denial, without arguing what is beyond human understanding or transcending the human tangible capabilities to grasp these Attributes. Evidence of the Qur'an and Sunnah
The
pillars of faith:
Allah says:
]يَا
أَيُّهَا
الَّذِينَ
آمَنُواْ
آمِنُواْ
بِاللّهِ
وَرَسُولِهِ
وَالْكِتَابِ
الَّذِي
نَزَّلَ
عَلَى
رَسُولِهِ
وَالْكِتَابِ
الَّذِيَ
أَنزَلَ مِن
قَبْلُ
وَمَن
يَكْفُر
بِاللّهِ
وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ
وَكُتُبِهِ
وَرُسُلِهِ
وَالْيَوْمِ
الآخِرِ
فَقَدْ ضَلّ
ضَلاَلاً
بَعِيدًا[
This means: “O you
who believe! Believe in Allah, and His Messenger (Muhammad SAW), and the Book (the
Qur'an) which He has sent down to His Messenger, and the Scripture which He
sent down to those before (him), and whosoever disbelieves in Allah, His
Angels, His Books, His Messengers, and the Last Day, then indeed he has
strayed far away.” (4, An-Nisa’: 136)
Allah says:
]وَلَـكِنَّ
الْبِرَّ
مَنْ آمَنَ
بِاللّهِ
وَالْيَوْمِ
الآخِرِ
وَالْمَلآئِكَةِ
وَالْكِتَاب
وَالنَّبِيِّين[
This means: “But
Al-Birr is (the quality of) the one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the
Angels, the Book, the Prophets.” (2, Al-Baqarah: 177)
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him)
narrated:
“One
day while Allah’s Prophet was sitting with the people, a man came to him
walking and said, ‘O Allah's Prophet. What is faith?’ The Prophet said,
‘Faith is to believe in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His Prophets, and
the meeting with Him, and to believe in the Resurrection.’”
(Reported
by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
The
Oneness of Allah:
Allah says:
]لَوْ كَانَ
فِيهِمَا
آلِهَةٌ
إِلا اللَّهُ
لَفَسَدَتَا
فَسُبْحَانَ
اللَّهِ رَبِّ
الْعَرْشِ
عَمَّا
يَصِفُون[
(الأنبياء: 22)
This means: “Had
there been therein (in the heavens and the earth) gods besides Allah, then
verily both would have been ruined. Glorified be Allah, the Lord of the
Throne, (High is He) above what they attribute to Him!” (21, Al-Anbiya’:
22)
Allah says:
]قُل لَّوْ
كَانَ مَعَهُ
آلِهَةٌ
كَمَا
يَقُولُونَ
إِذًا
لاَّبْتَغَوْاْ
إِلَى ذِي
الْعَرْشِ
سَبِيلاً.
سُبْحَانَهُ
وَتَعَالَى
عَمَّا
يَقُولُونَ
عُلُوًّا
كَبِيرًا[
This means: “Say (O
Muhammad SAW
to these polytheists, pagans, etc.): If there had been other aliha (gods)
along with Him as they assert, then they would certainly have sought out a
way to the Lord of the Throne. Glorified and High be He! from (the great
falsehood) that they say! (i.e.forged statements that there are other gods
along with Allah, but He is Allah, the One, the Self-Sufficient Master, whom
all creatures need. He begets not, nor was He begotten, and there is none
comparable or coequal unto Him).” (17, Al-Isra’: 42 - 43)
Allah says:
]مَا اتَّخَذَ
اللَّهُ مِن
وَلَدٍ
وَمَا كَانَ
مَعَهُ مِنْ
إِلَهٍ
إِذًا
لَّذَهَبَ
كُلُّ إِلَهٍ
بِمَا خَلَقَ
وَلَعَلا
بَعْضُهُمْ
عَلَى بَعْضٍ
سُبْحَانَ
اللَّهِ
عَمَّا
يَصِفُونَ[
This means: “No son
(or offspring or children) did Allah beget, nor is there any ilah (god)
along with Him; (if there had been many gods), behold, each god would have
taken away what he had created, and some would have tried to overcome
others! Glorified be Allah above all that they attribute to Him!” (23, Al-Mu’minun:
91)
Allah says:
]شَهِدَ
اللّهُ
أَنَّهُ لاَ
إِلَـهَ
إِلاَّ هُوَ
وَالْمَلاَئِكَةُ
وَأُوْلُواْ
الْعِلْمِ
قَآئِمَاً
بِالْقِسْطِ
لاَ إِلَـهَ
إِلاَّ هُوَ
الْعَزِيزُ
الْحَكِيمُ[
This means: “Allah
bears witness that La ilaha illa Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped
but He), and the angels, and those having knowledge (also give this
witness); (He is always) maintaining His creation in Justice. La ilah illa
Huwa (none has the right to be worshipped but He), the All-Mighty, the
All-Wise.” (3, Al-`Imran: 18)
There
are many other similar verses in the Holy Qur’an, the enlightening book of monotheism.
The Sole Godhood of Allah:
Allah says:
]فَإِنَّهُمْ
عَدُوٌّ
لِّي إِلا
رَبَّ
الْعَالَمِين.
الَّذِي
خَلَقَنِي
فَهُوَ
يَهْدِينِ.
وَالَّذِي
هُوَ
يُطْعِمُنِي
وَيَسْقِين.ِ
وَإِذَا
مَرِضْتُ
فَهُوَ
يَشْفِين. ِ
وَالَّذِي
يُمِيتُنِي
ثُمَّ
يُحْيِينِ[
This means: “(Prophet Abraham says): Verily!
They are enemies to me, save the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and all
that exists); Who has created me, and it is He Who guides me; And it is He
Who feeds me and gives me to drink. And when I am ill, it is He who cures
me; And Who will cause me to die, and then will bring me to life (again).”
(26, Ash-Shu`ara’: 77 - 81)
Allah says
]قُلْ مَن
يَرْزُقُكُم
مِّنَ
السَّمَاء
وَالأَرْضِ
أَمَّن
يَمْلِكُ
السَّمْعَ
والأَبْصَارَ
وَمَن
يُخْرِجُ
الْحَيَّ
مِنَ
الْمَيِّتِ
وَيُخْرِجُ
الْمَيَّتَ
مِنَ الْحَيِّ
وَمَن
يُدَبِّرُ
الأَمْر
فَسَيَقُولُونَ
اللّهُ
فَقُلْ
أَفَلاَ
تَتَّقُونَ.
فَذَلِكُمُ
اللّهُ
رَبُّكُمُ
الْحَقّ
فَمَاذَا
بَعْدَ
الْحَقِّ
إِلاَّ
الضَّلاَلُ
فَأَنَّى
تُصْرَفُونَ[
(يونس: 31 - 32)
This means: “Say (O
Muhammad SAW):
"Who provides for you from the sky and from the earth? Or who owns
hearing and sight? And who brings out the living from the dead and brings
out the dead from the living? And who disposes the affairs?" They will
say: "Allah." Say: "Will you not then be afraid of Allah's
Punishment (for setting up rivals in worship with Allah)?'' Such is Allah, your Lord in truth. So after the
truth, what else can there be, save error? How then are you turned away?”
(10, Yunus: 31 - 32)
Allah says:
]قُل لِّمَنِ
الأرْضُ
وَمَن
فِيهَا إِن
كُنتُمْ
تَعْلَمُون.
سَيَقُولُونَ
لِلَّهِ قُلْ
أَفلا
تَذَكَّرُونَ[
(المؤمنون: 84 - 85)
This means:
''Say: “Whose is the
earth and whosoever is therein? If you know!'' They will say: "It is Allah's!" Say:
"Will you not then remember?"” (23, Al-Mu’minun: 84 - 85)
Allah says:
]قُلِ
اللَّهُمَّ
مَالِكَ
الْمُلْكِ
تُؤْتِي
الْمُلْكَ
مَن تَشَاء
وَتَنزِعُ
الْمُلْكَ
مِمَّن
تَشَاء
وَتُعِزُّ
مَن تَشَاء
وَتُذِلّ
مَن تَشَاء
بِيَدِكَ
الْخَيْرُ
إِنَّكَ
عَلَىَ كُلِّ
شَيْءٍ
قَدِير.ٌ
تُولِجُ
اللَّيْل
فِي
الْنَّهَارِ
وَتُولِجُ
النَّهَارَ
فِي
اللَّيْلِ
وَتُخْرِجُ
الْحَيَّ
مِنَ
الْمَيِّتِ
وَتُخْرِجُ
الَمَيَّتَ
مِنَ الْحَيِّ
وَتَرْزُقُ
مَن تَشَاء
بِغَيْرِ
حِسَاب[
This means: “Say (O
Muhammad SAW):
"O Allah! Possessor of the kingdom, You give the kingdom to whom You
will, and You take the kingdom from whom You will, and You endue with honor
whom You will, and You humiliate whom You will. In Your Hand is the good.
Verily, You are Able to do all things. You make the night to enter into the
daytime, and You make the daytime to enter into the night. You bring the
living out of the dead, and You bring the dead out of the living. And You
give wealth and sustenance to whom You will, without limit (measure or
account).''” (3, Al-`Imran: 26 -
27)
Allah says:
]قُلْ أَعُوذُ
بِرَبِّ
النَّاسِ[
This means: “Say:
"I seek refuge with (Allah) the Lord of mankind.''” (114, An-Nas: 1)
Allah says:
]الْحَمْدُ
للّهِ رَبِّ
الْعَالَمِينَ[
This means: “All the
praises and thanks be to Allah, the Lord of the 'Alamin (mankind, jinns and
all that exists).” (1, Al-Fatihah: 2)
The bondage of all creatures to Allah:
Allah says:
]وَلِلّهِ
يَسْجُدُ
مَن فِي
السَّمَاوَاتِ
وَالأَرْضِ
طَوْعًا
وَكَرْهًا
وَظِلالُهُم
بِالْغُدُوِّ
وَالآصَال[
This means: “And unto
Allah (Alone) falls in prostration whoever is in the heavens and the earth,
willingly or unwillingly, and so do their shadows in the mornings and in the
afternoons.” (13, Ar-Ra`d: 15)
Allah says:
]أَلَمْ تَرَ
أَنَّ
اللَّهَ
يَسْجُدُ
لَهُ مَن فِي
السَّمَاوَاتِ
وَمَن فِي
الأرْضِ
وَالشَّمْسُ
وَالْقَمَر
وَالنُّجُومُ
وَالْجِبَالُ
وَالشَّجَرُ
وَالدَّوَابُّ
وَكَثِيرٌ
مِّنَ
النَّاسِ
وَكَثِيرٌ
حَقَّ
عَلَيْهِ
الْعَذَابُ
وَمَن يُهِنِ
اللَّهُ
فَمَا لَهُ
مِن
مُّكْرِم
إِنَّ
اللَّهَ
يَفْعَلُ
مَا يَشَاء[
This
means: “See you not that to Allah prostrates whoever is in the heavens and
whoever is on the earth, and the sun, and the moon, and the stars, and the
mountains, and the trees, and Ad-Dawab (moving living creatures, beasts,
etc.), and many of mankind? But there are many (men) on whom the punishment
is justified. And whomsoever Allah disgraces, none can honor him. Verily!
Allah does what He wills.” (22, Al-Hajj: 18)
Allah says:
]تُسَبِّحُ
لَهُ
السَّمَاوَاتُ
السَّبْعُ
وَالأَرْضُ
وَمَن
فِيهِنَّ
وَإِن مِّن
شَيْءٍ إِلاَّ
يُسَبِّحُ
بِحَمْدَهِ
وَلَـكِن لاَّ
تَفْقَهُونَ
تَسْبِيحَهُمْ
إِنَّهُ
كَانَ
حَلِيمًا
غَفُورًا[
This means: “The
seven heavens and the earth and all that is therein, glorify Him and there
is not a thing but glorifies His Praise. But you understand not their
glorification. Truly, He is Ever Forbearing, Oft-Forgiving.” (17, Al-Isra’:
44)
Allah says:
] وَمَا
خَلَقْتُ
الْجِنَّ
وَالإنسَ
إِلا
لِيَعْبُدُون[
This means: “And I
(Allah) created not the jinns and humans except they should worship Me
(Alone)” (51, Adh-Dhariyat: 56)
Allah says:
]وَاعْبُدُواْ
اللّهَ وَلاَ
تُشْرِكُواْ
بِهِ
شَيْئًا[
This means: “Worship
Allah and join none with Him in worship.” (4, An-Nisa’: 36)
There are so many other similar verses in the
Qur’an.
“The
Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) addressed Mu`adh Ibn Jabal as he was
riding behind him to which he replied: Here I am! At your service and at
your beck Messenger of Allah. He again called out: Mu`adh, to which he
(again) replied: Here I am! At your service and at your beck. He (the
Messenger of Allah) addressed him (again): Mu`adh, to which he replied: Here
I am! At your service and at your beck, O Messenger of Allah. (The Prophet)
said:
“If
anyone testifies (sincerely from his heart) that there is no god but Allah,
and that Muhammad is His bondsman and His Messenger, Allah immunizes him
from Hell. He (Mu`adh) said: O Messenger of Allah, should not I then inform
the people of it, so that they may be cheered? He replied: Then they would
trust in it alone. Mu`adh (may Allah be pleased with him) told about it at
the time of his death, to avoid sinfulness.”
(Reported
by Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
Applying
the legislation of Allah:
Allah says:
]وَأَنِ
احْكُم
بَيْنَهُم
بِمَآ
أَنزَلَ
اللّهُ وَلاَ
تَتَّبِعْ
أَهْوَاءهُمْ
وَاحْذَرْهُمْ
أَن
يَفْتِنُوكَ
عَن بَعْضِ
مَا أَنزَلَ
اللّهُ
إِلَيْكَ
فَإِن
تَوَلَّوْاْ
فَاعْلَمْ
أَنَّمَا
يُرِيدُ
اللّهُ أَن
يُصِيبَهمُ
بِبَعْضِ
ذُنُوبِهِمْ
وَإِنَّ
كَثِيرًا
مِّنَ
النَّاسِ
لَفَاسِقُونَ
. أَفَحُكْمَ
الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ
يَبْغُونَ
وَمَنْ
أَحْسَنُ
مِنَ اللّهِ
حُكْمًا
لِّقَوْمٍ
يُوقِنُونَ[
This means: “And so
judge (you O Muhammad SAW)
between them by what Allah has revealed and follow not their vain desires,
but beware of them lest they turn you (O Muhammad SAW) far away from some
of that which Allah has sent down to you. And if they turn away, then know
that Allah's Will is to punish them for some sins of theirs. And truly, most
of men are Fasiqun (rebellious and disobedient to Allah). Do they then seek
the judgment of (the Days of) Ignorance? And who is better in judgment than
Allah for a people who have firm Faith.” (5, Al-Ma’idah: 49 - 50)
Allah says:
]وَمَن لَّمْ
يَحْكُم
بِمَا
أَنزَلَ
اللّهُ
فَأُوْلَـئِكَ
هُمُ
الْكَافِرُون[
This
means: “And whosoever does not judge by what Allah has revealed, such are
the Kafirun (i.e. disbelievers – of a lesser degree as they do not act on
Allah’s Laws).” (4, Al-Ma’idah: 44)
The attributes of Allah:
Allah says:
]لَيْسَ
كَمِثْلِهِ
شَيْءٌ
وَهُوَ
السَّمِيعُ
البَصِيرُ[
This means: “There is
nothing like unto Him, and He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer.” (42, Ash-Shura:
11)
Allah says:
]وَلِلّهِ
الأَسْمَاء
الْحُسْنَى
فَادْعُوهُ
بِهَا
وَذَرُواْ
الَّذِينَ
يُلْحِدُونَ
فِي
أَسْمَآئِهِ
سَيُجْزَوْنَ
مَا كَانُواْ
يَعْمَلُونَ[
This means: “And
(all) the Most Beautiful Names belong to Allah, so call on Him by them, and
leave the company of those who belie or deny (or utter impious speech
against) His Names. They will be requited for what they used to do.” (7,
Al-A`raf: 180)
Allah says:
]قُلِ
ادْعُواْ
اللّهَ أَوِ
ادْعُواْ
الرَّحْمَـنَ
أَيًّا مَّا
تَدْعُواْ
فَلَهُ
الأَسْمَاء
الْحُسْنَى[
This means: “Say (O
Muhammad SAW):
Invoke Allah or invoke the Most Beneficent (Allah), by whatever name you
invoke Him (it is the same), for to Him belong the Best Names.” (17, Al-Isra’:
110)
Allah says:
]الرَّحْمَنُ
عَلَى
الْعَرْشِ
اسْتَوَى[
This means: “The Most
Beneficent (Allah) Istawa (rose over) the (Mighty) Throne (in a manner that
suits His Majesty)” (20, Taha: 5)
Allah says:
]ثُمَّ
اسْتَوَى
عَلَى
الْعَرْش[
This means: “And then
He Istawa (rose over) the Throne (really in a manner that suits His
Majesty).” (7, Al-A`raf: 54)
Allah says:
]وَجَاء
رَبُّكَ
وَالْمَلَكُ
صَفًّا
صَفًّا[
This means: “And your
Lord comes with the angels in rows.”
Allah says:
]فَإِنَّكَ
بِأَعْيُنِنَا[
This means: “You are
under Our Eyes.” (52, At-Tur: 48)
Allah says:
]وَاصْنَعِ
الْفُلْكَ
بِأَعْيُنِنَا
وَوَحْيِنَا[
This means: “And
construct the ship under Our Eyes and with Our Inspiration.” (11, Hud: 37)
]وَلِتُصْنَعَ
عَلَى
عَيْنِي[
This means: “In order
that you may be brought up under My Eye.”
Allah says:
]بَلْ يَدَاهُ
مَبْسُوطَتَان
يُنفِقُ
كَيْفَ
يَشَاء[
This means: “Both His
Hands are widely outstretched. He spends (of His Bounty) as He wills.” (5,
Al-Ma’idah: 64)
Allah says:
]يَدُ اللَّهِ
فَوْقَ
أَيْدِيهِم[
This means: “The Hand
of Allah is over their hands.” (48, Al-Fath: 10)
Allah says:
]وَالسَّمَاء
بَنَيْنَاهَا
بِأَيْدٍ
وَإِنَّا
لَمُوسِعُون[
This means: “And the heaven, We have built it with
(Our) hands and surely We are indeed extending (it) wide.” (51,
Adh-Dhariyat: 47)
The Prophet’s supplication:
“I ask You by every name of Yours by which You described Yourself,
revealed in Your Book, taught one of Your creatures, or kept in Your
knowledge of the unseen, to make the Holy Qur’an the spring (i.e., the
season of awakening after the dead of winter) of my heart, the light of my
chest, the removal of my sadness, and the lifting of my depression.”
(Reported by
Ahmad)
Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated
that Allah's Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
“Verily,
there are ninety-nine names for Allah, i.e., hundred excepting one. He who
enumerates them will get into Paradise.”
The Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
“Verily,
the hearts of all the sons of Adam are between two fingers out of the
fingers of the Compassionate Lord as one heart. He turns that to any
(direction) He likes.”
(Reported by Muslim)
The Prophet (peace be upon him) also said:
“Either
side of His Hands is the right side both being equally meritorious.”
(Reported by Muslim)
The
Prophet (peace be upon him) said:
There
is a reported statement saying that: Istiwa’ (rising over) is known, the
manner of it is unknown, believing in it is obligatory, and asking about it
is a heresy in religion.
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